Attaque personelle - Argumentum ad hominem

Vient du latin qui signifie "contre la personne". Catégorie générale de raisonnement fallacieux consistant à attaquer la personne plutôt que son argumentation.
Schéma :
- Personne A dit X
- Personne B attaque personne A
- Donc X est faux
Exemples :
- Henri a tort lorsqu'il dit que 1+1=2 car c'est un imbécile.
- Henri : "Il fait nuit."
Jacques : "N'importe quoi, espèce de sale communiste."
Types :
- Ad Hominem abusif - Insulte de la personne
- Ad Hominem - Attaque de la personne
- Ad Hominem Tu Quoque - Attaque sur les actes liés pour discréditer
- Ad Hominem circonstancié - Attaque sur les circonstances du discours
The Art of Controversy - Schopenhauer
- 01 - Extension
- 02 - Homonymy
- 03 - Generalize your Opponent's Specific Statements
- 04 - Conceal your game
- 05 - False propositions
- 06 - Postulate What Has To Be Proved
- 07 - Yield Admissions through questions
- 08 - Make Your Opponent Angry
- 09 - Questions in Detouring Order
- 10 - Take Advantage of The Nay-Sayer
- 11 - Generalize Admissions of Specific Cases
- 12 - Choose Metaphors Favourable to Your Proposition
- 13 - Agree to Reject the Counter-Proposition
- 14 - Claim Victory Despite Defeat
- 15 - Use Seemingly Absurd Propositions
- 16 - Arguments Ad Hominem
- 17 - Defense Through Subtle Distinction
- 18 - Interrupt, Break, Divert the Dispute
- 19 - Generalize the Matter, Then Argue Against it
- 20 - Draw Conclusions Yourself
- 21 - Meet him With a Counter-Argument as Bad as His
- 22 - Petitio Principii
- 23 - Make Him Exaggerate his Statement
- 24 - State a False Syllogism
- 25 - Find One Instance to The Contrary
- 26 - Turn The Tables
- 27 - Anger Indicates a Weak Point
- 28 - Persuade the Audience, Not The Opponent
- 29 - Diversion
- 30 - Appeal to Authority Rather Than Reason
- 31 - This is Beyond Me
- 32 - Put His Thesis Into Some Odious Category
- 33 - It Applies in Theory, But Not in Practice
- 34 - Don't Let Him Off The Hook
- 35 - Will is More Effective Than Insight
- 36 - Bewilder Your opponent by Mere Bombast
- 37 - A Faulty Proof Refutes His Whole Position
- 38 - The Ultimate Stratagem
- Intro I - Logic And Dialectic
- Intro II - Controversial Dialectic
- Intro III - The Basis Of All Dialectic